MICROCHIP PIC24 Flash Programming

Zambiri Zamalonda

Flash Programming
Mabanja a zida za dsPIC33/PIC24 ali ndi chokumbukira chamkati cha Flash chomwe chimapangidwira kuti agwiritse ntchito nambala ya ogwiritsa ntchito. Pali njira zitatu zopangira kukumbukira uku:

• Table Malangizo Ntchito
• In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP)
• In-Application Programming (IAP)

Malangizo a patebulo amapereka njira yosamutsira deta pakati pa malo okumbukira pulogalamu ya Flash ndi malo okumbukira deta a zida za dsPIC33/PIC24. Malangizo a TBLRDL amagwiritsidwa ntchito powerenga kuchokera ku bits[15:0] za malo okumbukira pulogalamu. Malangizo a TBLWTL amagwiritsidwa ntchito polembera ma bits[15:0] a Flash program memory space. TBLRDL ndi TBLWTL zimatha kulowa mu Flash program memory mu Mawu kapena Byte mode.

Kuphatikiza pa adilesi ya kukumbukira pulogalamu ya Flash, malangizo a patebulo amatchulanso kaundula wa W (kapena W Register Pointer pamalo okumbukira), ndiye gwero la data ya memory ya Flash kuti ilembedwe, kapena kopita pulogalamu ya Flash. kukumbukira kuwerenga.

Gawoli likufotokoza njira yopangira kukumbukira pulogalamu ya Flash. Mabanja a zida za dsPIC33/ PIC24 ali ndi chokumbukira chamkati cha Flash chomwe chimapangidwira kuti agwiritse ntchito nambala ya ogwiritsa ntchito. Pali njira zitatu zopangira kukumbukira uku:

• Run-Time Self-Programming (RTSP)
• In-Circuit Serial Programming™ (ICSP™)
• Pulogalamu Yowonjezera ya In-Circuit Serial Programming (EICSP)

RTSP imachitidwa ndi pulogalamu yogwiritsira ntchito panthawi ya kuphedwa, pamene ICSP ndi EICSP zimachitidwa kuchokera kwa wopanga mapulogalamu akunja pogwiritsa ntchito serial data ku chipangizo. ICSP ndi EICSP zimalola nthawi yothamanga kwambiri kuposa RTSP. Njira za RTSP zikufotokozedwa mu Gawo 4.0 "Run-Time Self-Programming (RTSP)". Ma protocol a ICSP ndi EICSP amafotokozedwa muzolemba za Programming Specification pazida zomwezo, zomwe zitha kutsitsidwa kuchokera ku Microchip. webtsamba (http://www.microchip.com). Mukapanga mapulogalamu m'chinenero cha C, pali ntchito zingapo zomangidwira zomwe zimathandizira pulogalamu ya Flash. Onani “MPLAB® XC16 C Compiler User’s Guide” (DS50002071) kuti mumve zambiri zokhudza ntchito zomangidwira.

Malangizo Ogwiritsira Ntchito Zogulitsa

Kuti mutsegule kukumbukira kwa pulogalamu ya Flash, tsatirani izi:

1. Onani patsamba lachidziwitso cha chipangizocho kuti muwone ngati gawo la malangizo abanja likugwirizana ndi chipangizo chomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito.
2. Tsitsani deta yachidziwitso chachipangizo ndi magawo ofotokozera mabanja kuchokera ku Microchip Worldwide Webtsamba pa: http://www.microchip.com.
3. Sankhani imodzi mwa njira zitatu zokonzera kukumbukira (Table Instruction Operation, In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP), In-Application Programming (IAP)).
4. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito Table Instruction Operation, gwiritsani ntchito malangizo a TBLRDL kuti muwerenge kuchokera ku bits[15:0] za malo okumbukira pulogalamu ndi malangizo a TBLWTL kuti mulembere ma bits[15:0] a Flash memory space space.
5. Onetsetsani kuti mwatchula kaundula wa W (kapena W Register pointer to memory memory) ngati gwero la data ya memory program ya Flash kuti ilembedwe, kapena kopita kukawerenga chikumbutso cha pulogalamu ya Flash.

Kuti mumve zambiri komanso zambiri pakupanga pulogalamu yokumbukira pulogalamu ya Flash, onani dsPIC33/PIC24 Family Reference Manual.

TABLE MALANGIZO OPEREKA

Malangizo a tebulo amapereka njira yosamutsira deta pakati pa malo okumbukira pulogalamu ya Flash ndi malo okumbukira deta a zipangizo za dsPIC33/PIC24. Gawoli limapereka chidule cha malangizo a tebulo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza pulogalamu ya Flash memory. Pali malangizo anayi ofunikira patebulo:

• TBLRDL: Table Werengani Pansi
• TBLRDH: Table Werengani Pamwamba
• TBLWTL: Table Lembani Pansi
• TBLWTH: Table Lembani Pamwamba

Malangizo a TBLRDL amagwiritsidwa ntchito powerenga kuchokera ku bits[15:0] za malo okumbukira pulogalamu. Malangizo a TBLWTL amagwiritsidwa ntchito polembera ma bits[15:0] a Flash program memory space. TBLRDL ndi TBLWTL zimatha kulowa mu Flash program memory mu Mawu kapena Byte mode.

Malangizo a TBLRDH ndi TBLWTH amagwiritsidwa ntchito powerenga kapena kulembera ma bits[23:16] a malo okumbukira pulogalamu. TBLRDH ndi TBLWTH zimatha kulowa mu kukumbukira kwa Flash program mu Mawu kapena Byte mode. Chifukwa kukumbukira kwa pulogalamu ya Flash ndi ma bits 24 okha m'lifupi, malangizo a TBLRDH ndi TBLWTH amatha kuthana ndi kukumbukira kwa pulogalamu ya Flash komwe kulibe. Izi zimatchedwa "phantom byte". Kuwerenga kulikonse kwa phantom byte kudzabwerera 0x00. Kulembera kwa phantom byte kulibe mphamvu. Memory ya pulogalamu ya 24-bit Flash imatha kuonedwa ngati malo awiri mbali ndi mbali ya 16-bit, malo aliwonse akugawana ma adilesi ofanana. Chifukwa chake, malangizo a TBLRDL ndi TBLWTL amafikira malo okumbukira "otsika" (PM[15:0]). Malangizo a TBLRDH ndi TBLWTH amafikira malo okumbukira "pamwamba" (PM[31:16]). Aliyense wowerenga kapena kulembera PM[31:24] apeza phantom (yosakwaniritsidwa) byte. Pamene malangizo aliwonse a tebulo agwiritsidwa ntchito mu Byte mode, pang'ono Yofunika Kwambiri (LSb) ya adiresi ya tebulo idzagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kusankha pang'ono. LSb imazindikira kuti ndi byte iti yomwe ili mumndandanda wapamwamba kapena wotsika kwambiri womwe umapezeka.

Chithunzi 2-1 chikuwonetsa momwe kukumbukira kwa pulogalamu ya Flash kumayankhidwa pogwiritsa ntchito malangizo a tebulo. Adilesi yokumbukira pulogalamu ya 24-bit imapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma bits[7:0] a kaundula wa TBLPAG ndi Adilesi Yothandiza (EA) kuchokera ku kaundula wa W wotchulidwa mu malangizo a tebulo. 24-bit Program Counter (PC) ikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 2-1 kuti muwonere. Ma bits 23 apamwamba a EA amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusankha malo okumbukira pulogalamu ya Flash.

Kwa malangizo a tebulo la Byte mode, LSb ya W regista EA imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusankha mawu okumbukira a 16-bit Flash omwe akuyankhidwa; '1' amasankha ma bits[15:8] ndi '0' amasankha bits[7:0]. LSb ya W registry EA imanyalanyazidwa pa malangizo a tebulo mu Mawu. Kuphatikiza pa adilesi ya kukumbukira pulogalamu ya Flash, malangizo a patebulo amatchulanso kaundula wa W (kapena W Register Pointer pamalo okumbukira), ndiye gwero la data ya memory ya Flash kuti ilembedwe, kapena kopita pulogalamu ya Flash. kukumbukira kuwerenga. Pakulemba kwa tebulo mumayendedwe a Byte, ma bits[15:8] a gwero la Working Registry samanyalanyazidwa.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Malangizo a Table Read
Kuwerenga kwa tebulo kumafuna njira ziwiri:

1. Chizindikiro cha Adilesi chimakhazikitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kaundula wa TBLPAG ndi imodzi mwa kaundula wa W.
2. Zomwe zili mkati mwa kukumbukira pulogalamu ya Flash pamalo adilesi zitha kuwerengedwa.

 

1. WERENGANI NTCHITO YA MAWU
   Khodi yowonetsedwa mu Eksample 2-1 ndi Eksample 2-2 ikuwonetsa momwe mungawerengere mawu a Flash program memory pogwiritsa ntchito malangizo a tebulo mu Mawu.
2. WERENGANI BYTE MODE
   Khodi yowonetsedwa mu Eksample 2-3 ikuwonetsa wogwiritsa ntchito powonjezerapo powerenga pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti adilesi mu kaundula wa Working ichuluke ndi imodzi. Izi zimayika EA[0] kukhala '1' kuti mupeze pakati pa malangizo achitatu olemba. Kuwonjezeka komaliza kumapangitsa W0 kubwerera ku adilesi yofananira, ndikulozera kumalo otsatirawa a kukumbukira pulogalamu ya Flash.
3. TABLE LEMBANI ZINTHU
   Malangizo olembera patebulo samalemba mwachindunji ku kukumbukira kwa pulogalamu yosasinthika. M'malo mwake, patebulo lembani malangizo amadzaza lembani zingwe zomwe zimasunga zolemba. Zolembera za Adilesi ya NVM ziyenera kudzazidwa ndi adilesi yoyamba pomwe data yolumikizidwa iyenera kulembedwa. Pamene zolembera zonse zatsitsidwa, ntchito yeniyeni yokumbukira kukumbukira imayambika pochita ndondomeko yapadera ya malangizo. Pamapulogalamu, zida zimasamutsa zomwe zili muzolemba zolembera ku Flash memory. Zolembera zolembera nthawi zonse zimayambira pa adilesi 0xFA0000, ndikupitilira 0xFA0002 pakupanga mawu, kapena kudzera pa 0xFA00FE pazida zomwe zimakhala ndi mizere.

Zindikirani: Chiwerengero cha zilembo zolembera zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi chipangizo. Onani mutu wa "Flash Program Memory" papepala lachidziwitso lachidziwitso cha chiwerengero cha zingwe zolembera zomwe zilipo.

MALANGIZO OYAMBA

Ma Register angapo a Special Function Registry (SFRs) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza zofufutira ndi kulemba za Flash programme: NVMCON, NVMKEY, ndi zolembetsa za NVM Address, NVMADR ndi NVMADU.

Kulembetsa kwa NVMCON
Regista ya NVMCON ndiye kaundula wamkulu wa Flash ndi ntchito za pulogalamu/kufufuta. Regista iyi imasankha ngati kufufuta kapena ntchito ya pulogalamu ichitidwa ndipo ikhoza kuyambitsa pulogalamuyo kapena kufufuta. Regista ya NVMCON ikuwonetsedwa mu Register 3-1. Malo otsika a NVMCON amakonza mtundu wa ntchito ya NVM yomwe idzachitike.

NVMKEY Register
Register ya NVMKEY (onani Register 3-4) ndi kaundula wolemba yekha yemwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kulemba mwangozi za NVMCON zomwe zitha kuwononga kukumbukira kwa Flash. Akatsegulidwa, amalembera NVMCON amaloledwa kuwongolera kumodzi komwe WR bit imatha kukhazikitsidwa kuti ipemphe kufufuta kapena chizolowezi cha pulogalamu. Poganizira zofunikira za nthawi, kulepheretsa kusokoneza kumafunika.
Chitani zotsatirazi kuti muyambe kufufuta kapena kutsata ndondomeko:

1. Letsani kusokoneza.
2. Lembani 0x55 ku NVMKEY.
3. Lembani 0xAA ku NVMKEY.
4. Yambitsani ndondomeko yolemba mapulogalamu pokhazikitsa WR bit (NVMCON[15]).
5. Pangani malangizo awiri a NOP.
6. Bwezeretsani zosokoneza.

KULEMULA ZOsokoneza
Kuyimitsa kusokoneza ndikofunikira pamachitidwe onse a Flash kuti muwonetsetse kuti zotsatira zake zapambana. Ngati kusokoneza kumachitika panthawi ya NVMKEY yotsegula, ikhoza kulepheretsa kulemba ku WR bit. Kutsegula kwa NVMKEY kuyenera kuchitidwa popanda kusokoneza, monga momwe tafotokozera mu Gawo 3.2 "NVMKEY Register".

Zosokoneza zimatha kuzimitsidwa mu imodzi mwa njira ziwiri, poletsa Global Interrupt Enable (GIE bit), kapena kugwiritsa ntchito malangizo a DISI. Malangizo a DISI savomerezedwa chifukwa amangolepheretsa kusokoneza kwa Priority 6 kapena pansipa; Choncho, njira ya Global Interrupt Enable iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

CPU imalembera GIE kutenga magawo awiri a malangizo asanakhudze kayendedwe ka code. Malangizo awiri a NOP amafunikira pambuyo pake, kapena akhoza kusinthidwa ndi malangizo ena aliwonse othandiza, monga kukweza NVMKEY; izi zimagwira ntchito pazokhazikika komanso zomveka bwino. Chisamaliro chiyenera kuchitidwa poyambitsanso kusokoneza kotero kuti chizolowezi choyang'ana cha NVM chisalole kusokoneza pamene ntchito yoyitanidwa kale yalephereka pazifukwa zina. Kuti athane ndi izi mu Assembly, kukankha kwa stack ndi pop kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kusunga mawonekedwe a GIE bit. Mu C, kusintha kwa RAM kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kusunga INTCON2 musanayambe kuchotsa GIE. Gwiritsani ntchito zotsatirazi kuti muletse kusokoneza:

1. Kankhani INTCON2 pamtengowo.
2. Chotsani GIE pang'ono.
3. Ma NOP awiri kapena amalembera NVMKEY.
4. Yambitsani kuzungulira kwa mapulogalamu pokhazikitsa WR bit (NVMCON[15]).
5. Bwezerani dziko la GIE ndi POP ya INTCON2.

Ma Adilesi a NVM
Ma register awiri a NVM Address, NVMADU ndi NVMADR, akalumikizidwa, amapanga 24-bit EA ya mzere wosankhidwa kapena mawu opangira mapulogalamu. Regista ya NVMADU imagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula ma bits asanu ndi atatu apamwamba a EA, ndipo kaundula wa NVMADR amagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwira ma bits apansi a 16 a EA. Zida zina zitha kutanthauza zolembetsa zomwezi monga NVMADRL ndi NVMADRH. Zolembera za Adilesi ya NVM nthawi zonse zimayenera kuloza malire a mawu a malangizo awiri pamene mukuchita ntchito yolemba mawu a malangizo awiri, malire a mzere pamene mukuchita ndondomeko ya mzere kapena malire a tsamba pochita ntchito yofufuta tsamba.

Lembani 3-1: NVMCON: Regista ya Flash Memory Control

Zindikirani

1. Izi zitha kukhazikitsidwanso (mwachitsanzo, kuchotsedwa) pa Kukhazikitsanso Mphamvu (POR).
2. Mukatuluka mu Idle mode, pali kuchedwa kwa mphamvu (TVREG) kukumbukira pulogalamu ya Flash isanayambe kugwira ntchito. Onani mutu wa "Electrical Characteristics" papepala lachidziwitso cha chipangizo kuti mudziwe zambiri.
3. Zosakaniza zina zonse za NVMOP[3:0] sizinakwaniritsidwe.
4. Izi sizipezeka pazida zonse. Onani mutu wa "Flash Program Memory" papepala lachidziwitso chazida zomwe zilipo.
5. Kulowa munjira yopulumutsira mphamvu mutatha kuchita malangizo a PWRSAV kumatengera kumaliza ntchito zonse za NVM zomwe zikuyembekezera.
6. Izi zimangopezeka pazida zomwe zimathandizira kukonza mizere ya RAM. Onani zidziwitso zachidziwitso cha chipangizochi kuti zipezeke.

Zindikirani

1. Izi zitha kukhazikitsidwanso (mwachitsanzo, kuchotsedwa) pa Kukhazikitsanso Mphamvu (POR).
2. Mukatuluka mu Idle mode, pali kuchedwa kwa mphamvu (TVREG) kukumbukira pulogalamu ya Flash isanayambe kugwira ntchito. Onani mutu wa "Electrical Characteristics" papepala lachidziwitso cha chipangizo kuti mudziwe zambiri.
3. Zosakaniza zina zonse za NVMOP[3:0] sizinakwaniritsidwe.
4. Izi sizipezeka pazida zonse. Onani mutu wa "Flash Program Memory" papepala lachidziwitso chazida zomwe zilipo.
5. Kulowa munjira yopulumutsira mphamvu mutatha kuchita malangizo a PWRSAV kumatengera kumaliza ntchito zonse za NVM zomwe zikuyembekezera.
6. Izi zimangopezeka pazida zomwe zimathandizira kukonza mizere ya RAM. Onani zidziwitso zachidziwitso cha chipangizochi kuti zipezeke.

Kulembetsa 3-2: NVMADU: Nonvolatile Memory Upper Address Register

Kulembetsa 3-3: NVMADR: Nonvolatile Memory Address Register

Kulembetsa 3-4: NVMKEY: Nonvolatile Memory Key Register

KUDZIPHUNZITSA KWANTHAWI YOPHUNZITSA (RTSP)

RTSP imalola wogwiritsa ntchito kusintha zomwe zili mkati mwa kukumbukira pulogalamu ya Flash. RTSP imatheka pogwiritsa ntchito malangizo a TBLRD (Table Read) ndi TBLWT (Table Write), regista ya TBLPAG, ndi zolembetsa za NVM Control. Ndi RTSP, pulogalamu ya wogwiritsa ntchito imatha kufufuta tsamba limodzi la Flash memory ndikukonza mawu awiri kapena mpaka mawu a malangizo 128 pazida zina.

RTSP ntchito
Dongosolo la kukumbukira kwa dsPIC33/PIC24 Flash limapangidwa kukhala masamba ofufuta omwe amatha kukhala ndi malangizo a 1024. Njira yopangira mawu apawiri ikupezeka pazida zonse m'mabanja a dsPIC33/PIC24. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zina zimakhala ndi luso lopanga mizere, zomwe zimalola kupanga mawu mpaka 128 nthawi imodzi. Ntchito zopanga ndi kufufuta zimachitika nthawi zonse pamawu apulogalamu, mzere kapena malire amasamba. Onani mutu wa "Flash Program Memory" papepala lachidziwitso lachidziwitso cha kupezeka ndi makulidwe a mzere wamapulogalamu, ndi kukula kwa tsamba lofufutika. Kukumbukira kwa pulogalamu ya Flash kumagwiritsa ntchito ma buffers, otchedwa kulemba latches, omwe amatha kukhala ndi malangizo opitilira 128 a data yokonzekera kutengera chipangizocho. Asanayambe ntchito yeniyeniyo, zolembazo ziyenera kuikidwa muzitsulo zolembera. Kutsatira koyambira kwa RTSP ndikukhazikitsa Table Pointer, register ya TBLPAG, kenako ndikutsatira malangizo angapo a TBLWT kuti muyike zingwe zolembera. Kupanga mapulogalamu kumachitika pokhazikitsa zowongolera mu kaundula wa NVMCON. Chiwerengero cha malangizo a TBLWTL ndi TBLWTH ofunikira kuti muyike zingwe zolembera ndikufanana ndi kuchuluka kwa mawu apulogalamu oti alembedwe.

Zindikirani: Ndikofunikira kuti kaundula wa TBLPAG asungidwe asanasinthidwe ndikubwezeretsedwa akagwiritsidwa ntchito.

CHENJEZO
Pazida zina, ma Configuration bits amasungidwa patsamba lomaliza la pulogalamu ya Flash user memory mugawo lotchedwa, "Flash Configuration Bytes". Ndi zida izi, kuchita ntchito yofufuta patsamba patsamba lomaliza la kukumbukira pulogalamu kumachotsa ma byte a Flash Configuration, omwe amathandizira chitetezo cha code. Chifukwa chake, ogwiritsa ntchito sayenera kuchita ntchito zofufutira patsamba lomaliza la kukumbukira pulogalamu. Izi sizodetsa nkhawa pamene ma bits a Configuration asungidwa mu danga la kukumbukira Configuration mu gawo lotchedwa, "Device Configuration Registers". Onani Mapu a Memory Memory mu mutu wa "Memory Organisation" papepala lachidziwitso chazida kuti mudziwe komwe ma Configuration bits ali.

Ntchito za Flash Programming
Pulogalamu kapena kufufuta ndikofunikira pakukonza kapena kufufuta kukumbukira kwa pulogalamu ya Flash mkati mwa RTSP. Pulogalamuyo kapena kufufuta imayendetsedwa ndi nthawi yokha ndi chipangizocho (onani zachidziwitso chapachipangizochi kuti mudziwe nthawi). Kukhazikitsa WR bit (NVMCON[15]) kumayamba kugwira ntchito. WR bit imachotsedwa pokhapokha ntchitoyo ikatha. CPU imayima mpaka ntchito yomaliza itatha. CPU sidzapereka malangizo aliwonse kapena kuyankha zosokoneza panthawiyi. Ngati zosokoneza zilizonse zichitika panthawi ya pulogalamuyo, zidzadikirira mpaka nthawiyo itatha. Zida zina za dsPIC33/PIC24 zitha kukhala ndi kukumbukira kwa pulogalamu ya Flash (onani mutu wa "Memory Organisation" patsamba lachidziwitso cha chipangizochi kuti mudziwe zambiri), zomwe zimalola kugwiritsa ntchito malangizo popanda CPU Stall pomwe kukumbukira kwa pulogalamu ya Flash kumafufutidwa ndi/kapena kukonzedwa. Mosiyana ndi izi, kukumbukira kwa pulogalamu ya Flash yothandizira kutha kukonzedwa popanda ma CPU Stall, bola ngati ma code achotsedwa kuchokera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito Flash memory memory. Kusokoneza kwa NVM kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kusonyeza kuti ntchitoyo yatha.

Zindikirani

1. Ngati chochitika cha POR kapena BOR chikuchitika pamene RTSP kufufuta kapena ntchito yokonza mapulogalamu ikuchitika, ntchito ya RTSP imachotsedwa mwamsanga. Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ayenera kuchitanso ntchito ya RTSP pomwe chipangizocho chikatuluka pa Bwezerani.
2. Ngati EXTR, SWR, WDTO, TRAPR, CM kapena IOPUWR Reset chochitika chikuchitika pamene RTSP kufufuta kapena ntchito yokonza mapulogalamu ikuchitika, chipangizocho chidzakonzedwanso pokhapokha ntchito ya RTSP ikatha.

RTSP PROGRAMMING ALGORITHM
Gawoli likufotokoza madongosolo a RTSP, omwe ali ndi njira zazikulu zitatu.

Kupanga Chithunzi cha RAM cha Tsamba la Data kuti Chisinthidwe
Chitani njira ziwiri izi kuti mupange chithunzi cha RAM cha tsamba la data kuti lisinthidwe:

1. Werengani tsamba la Flash program memory ndikuyisunga mu data RAM ngati "chithunzi" cha data. Chithunzi cha RAM chiyenera kuwerengedwa kuyambira malire a adilesi.
2. Sinthani chithunzi cha data ya RAM ngati pakufunika.

Kuchotsa Flash Program Memory
Mukamaliza masitepe 1 ndi 2 pamwambapa, chitani njira zinayi zotsatirazi kuti mufufute tsamba la kukumbukira pulogalamu ya Flash:

1. Khazikitsani NVMOP[3:0] bits (NVMCON[3:0]) kuti mufufute tsamba la Flash program memory yowerengedwa kuchokera mu Gawo 1.
2. Lembani adilesi yoyambira patsamba lomwe liyenera kufufutidwa m'kaundula wa NVMADU ndi NMVADR.
3. Zosokoneza zayimitsidwa:
   • a) Lembani mndandanda wachinsinsi ku kaundula wa NVMKEY kuti muthe kukhazikitsa WR bit (NVMCON[15]).
   • b) Ikani WR bit; izi ziyamba kuzungulira kwa kufufuta.
   • c) Pangani malangizo awiri a NOP.
4. WR bit imachotsedwa pamene kufufuta kwatha.

Kukonza Tsamba la Memory Flash
Gawo lotsatira la ndondomekoyi ndikukonzekera tsamba la kukumbukira kwa Flash. Tsamba la kukumbukira kung'anima limakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito deta yochokera pa chithunzi chomwe chapangidwa mu Gawo 1. Zomwe zimatumizidwa kumangiridwe owonjezera a mau a malangizo awiri kapena mizere. Zida zonse zili ndi kuthekera kopanga maulangizo awiri. (Onani mutu wa "Flash Program Memory" mu pepala lachidziwitso cha chipangizo kuti mudziwe ngati, ndi mtundu wanji wa, ndondomeko ya mizere ilipo.) Pambuyo potsegula zingwe zolembera, ntchito yokonza mapulogalamu imayambitsidwa, yomwe imasamutsa deta kuchokera ku lembani zingwe mu Flash memory. Izi zikubwerezedwa mpaka tsamba lonse litakonzedwa. Bwerezani masitepe atatu otsatirawa, kuyambira pa liwu loyamba lachilangizo la tsamba la Flash ndikuwonjezera masitepe a mawu apawiri a pulogalamu, kapena mizere ya malangizo, mpaka tsamba lonse litakonzedwa:

1. Kwezani zilembo zolembera:
   • a) Khazikitsani kaundula wa TBLPAG kuti aloze pomwe pali zingwe zolembera.
   • b) Kwezani nambala yomwe mukufuna ya zingwe pogwiritsa ntchito malangizo a TBLWTL ndi TBLWTH:
   • Pakupanga mawu apawiri, awiri awiri a TBLWTL ndi TBLWTH malangizo amafunikira
   • Pakupanga mizere, malangizo awiri a TBLWTL ndi TBLWTH amafunikira pagawo lililonse la mzere wamawu.
2. Yambitsani ntchito ya pulogalamu:
   • a) Khazikitsani ma NVMOP[3:0] bits (NVMCON[3:0]) kuti akonze maulangizo aŵiri kapena mzere wa malangizo, monga koyenera.
     b) Lembani adiresi yoyamba ya mawu awiri a malangizo kapena mzere wa malangizo oti alembedwe mu NVMADU ndi NVMADR registry.
     c) Ndi zosokoneza:
     • Lembani mndandanda wachinsinsi ku regista ya NVMKEY kuti mutsegule WR bit (NVMCON[15])
     • Khazikitsani WR bit; izi ziyamba kuzungulira kwa kufufuta
     • Pangani malangizo awiri a NOP
3. WR pang'ono imachotsedwa pamene pulogalamuyo yatha.

Bwerezani ndondomeko yonse momwe mukufunikira kuti mukonzekere kuchuluka komwe mukufuna kukumbukira pulogalamu ya Flash.

Zindikirani

1. Wogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kukumbukira kuti kuchuluka kwa kukumbukira kwa pulogalamu ya Flash komwe kumatha kufufutidwa pogwiritsa ntchito RTSP ndi tsamba lofufutidwa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti chithunzi cha malowa chisungidwe monga RAM musanayambe kufufuta.
2. Mzere kapena liwu mu kukumbukira pulogalamu ya Flash sayenera kusinthidwa kupitilira kawiri asanafufutidwe.
3. Pazida zomwe zili ndi Configuration byte zosungidwa patsamba lomaliza la Flash, kuchita ntchito yochotsa tsamba patsamba lomaliza la memory memory kumachotsa Configuration byte, zomwe zimathandizira chitetezo cha code. Pazida izi, tsamba lomaliza la Flash memory siliyenera kufufutidwa.

KUFUTA TSAMBA LIMODZI LA FLASH
Mndandanda wa ma code omwe akuwonetsedwa mu Eksample 4-1 angagwiritsidwe ntchito kufufuta tsamba la Flash program memory. Regista ya NVMCON idakonzedwa kuti ichotse tsamba limodzi la kukumbukira pulogalamu. Ma register a NVMADR ndi NMVADRU amadzazidwa ndi adilesi yoyambira patsamba kuti afufutidwe. Chikumbutso cha pulogalamu chiyenera kuchotsedwa pamalire a adilesi "ngakhale". Onani mutu wa "Flash Program Memory" papepala lachidziwitso cha chipangizo kuti mudziwe kukula kwa tsamba la Flash.
Ntchito yofufuta imayambika polemba kutsegula kwapadera, kapena kutsatizana kwachinsinsi, ku regista ya NVMKEY musanayike WR bit (NVMCON[15]). Njira yotsegula iyenera kuchitidwa mwatsatanetsatane, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Eksample 4-1, popanda kusokoneza; chifukwa chake, zosokoneza ziyenera kuzimitsidwa.
Malangizo awiri a NOP ayenera kuikidwa mu code pambuyo pochotsa. Pazida zina, ma Configuration bits amasungidwa patsamba lomaliza la pulogalamu ya Flash. Ndizida izi, kuchita ntchito yofufuta tsamba patsamba lomaliza la kukumbukira pulogalamu kumafufutitsa ma byte a Flash Configuration, ndikupangitsa chitetezo cha ma code. Ogwiritsa sayenera kuchita ntchito zofufutira patsamba lomaliza la kukumbukira pulogalamu.

KUKWEZA LEMBA ZINTHU
Zolembera zolembera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yosungiramo pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito Table Writes ndi ndondomeko yeniyeni ya mapulogalamu. Panthawi yokonza mapulogalamu, chipangizocho chidzasamutsa deta kuchokera pazitsulo zolembera kupita ku Flash memory. Pazida zomwe zimathandizira kupanga mizere, Eksample 4-3 ikuwonetsa ndondomeko ya malangizo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pokweza 128 kulemba latches (mawu 128 a malangizo). 128 TBLWTL ndi 128 TBLWTH malangizo amafunikira kuti mukweze zolembera zolembera mzere wa kukumbukira pulogalamu ya Flash. Onani mutu wa "Flash Program Memory" papepala lachidziwitso cha chipangizo chanu kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa mapulogalamu omwe amapezeka pachipangizo chanu. Pazida zomwe sizigwirizana ndi kupanga mizere, Eksample 4-4 ikuwonetsa ndondomeko ya malangizo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito poika zingwe ziwiri zolembera (mawu awiri a malangizo). Malangizo awiri a TBLWTL ndi awiri a TBLWTH amafunikira kuti mutsegule zolembera.

Zindikirani

1. Khodi ya Load_Write_Latch_Row ikuwonetsedwa mu Eksample 4-3 ndi code ya Load_Write_Latch_Word ikuwonetsedwa mu Eksampndi 4-4. Code mu zonsezi examples akutchulidwa mu Eksamples.
2. Onani tsamba lachidziwitso lachidziwitso cha kuchuluka kwa zingwe.

SINGLE ROW PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE
Regista ya NVMCON idakonzedwa kuti izipanga mzere umodzi wa kukumbukira pulogalamu ya Flash. Ntchito ya pulogalamuyi imayambitsidwa polemba kutsegulira kwapadera, kapena kutsatizana kwachinsinsi, ku kaundula wa NVMKEY musanayike WR bit (NVMCON[15]). Kutsegula kumafunika kuchitidwa popanda kusokonezedwa, komanso mwatsatanetsatane, monga momwe zasonyezedwera mu Ex.ampndi 4-5. Chifukwa chake, zosokoneza ziyenera kuyimitsidwa musanalembe zotsatizanazi.

Zindikirani: Sizida zonse zomwe zimatha kupanga mizere. Onani mutu wa "Flash Program Memory" papepala lachidziwitso cha chipangizo kuti mudziwe ngati njirayi ilipo.

Malangizo awiri a NOP ayenera kuikidwa mu code pambuyo pozungulira pulogalamu.

KUPANGITSA MALO OGWIRITSA NTCHITO BUFFER YA RAM
Sankhani zida za dsPIC33 zomwe zimalola kupanga mizere kuchitidwa molunjika kuchokera pamalo osungiramo data mu RAM, m'malo modutsa zingwe zogwirizira kusamutsa deta ndi malangizo a TBLWT. Malo a RAM buffer amatsimikiziridwa ndi zolembera za NVMSRCADR zomwe zimadzazidwa ndi adilesi ya RAM ya data yomwe ili ndi mawu oyamba a pulogalamu yolembedwa.

Musanagwiritse ntchito pulogalamuyo, malo a buffer mu RAM ayenera kudzazidwa ndi mzere wa data womwe uyenera kukonzedwa. RAM imatha kukwezedwa mwanjira yophatikizika (yodzaza) kapena yosakanizidwa. Kusungirako kophatikizika kumagwiritsa ntchito liwu limodzi la data kuti lisunge Ma Byte Ofunika Kwambiri (MSBs) a mawu awiri oyandikana a pulogalamu. Mtundu wosakanizidwa umagwiritsa ntchito mawu awiri a data pa liwu lililonse lachidziwitso cha pulogalamu, ndipo chapamwamba cha mawu ena aliwonse amakhala 00h. Mtundu woponderezedwa umagwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi 3/4 ya danga mu RAM ya data poyerekeza ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa. Komano, mawonekedwe osakanizidwa, amatsanzira kapangidwe ka mawu a pulogalamu ya 24-bit, yodzaza ndi phantom byte yapamwamba. Mtundu wa data umasankhidwa ndi RPDF bit (NVMCON[9]). Mawonekedwe awiriwa akuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 4-1.

Pamene buffer ya RAM itakwezedwa, Flash Address Pointers, NVMADR ndi NVMADU, imadzazidwa ndi adilesi yoyambira ya 24-bit ya mzere wa Flash kuti ilembedwe. Mofanana ndi kukonza zolemba zolembera, ndondomekoyi imayambitsidwa polemba mndandanda wa NVM unlock, ndikutsatiridwa ndi kuika WR bit. Chikangoyambitsidwa, chipangizocho chimangonyamula zingwe zoyenera ndikuwonjezera zolembetsa za NVM mpaka ma byte onse atakonzedwa. EksampLe 4-7 akuwonetsa exampndi ndondomeko. Ngati NVMSRCADR yayikidwa pamtengo woti vuto la data lichitike, URERR bit (NVMCON[8]) idzakhazikitsidwa kuti iwonetse momwe zilili.
Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu a RAM buffer row zimagwiritsanso ntchito latch imodzi kapena ziwiri zolembera. Izi zimayikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito malangizo a TBLWT ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawu.

KUKONZA MAU
Regista ya NVMCON idakonzedwa kuti izipanga mawu awiri a malangizo a Flash program memory. Ntchito ya pulogalamuyi imayambitsidwa polemba kutsegulira kwapadera, kapena kutsatizana kwachinsinsi, ku kaundula wa NVMKEY musanayike WR bit (NVMCON[15]). Njira yotsegula iyenera kuchitidwa mwatsatanetsatane, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Eksample 4-8, popanda kusokoneza. Chifukwa chake, zosokoneza ziyenera kuyimitsidwa musanalembe zotsatizanazi.
Malangizo awiri a NOP ayenera kuikidwa mu code pambuyo pozungulira pulogalamu.

Kulembera ku Registry Configuration Registry
Pazida zina, ma bits a Configuration amasungidwa mu danga la kukumbukira kasinthidwe mu gawo lotchedwa, "Device Configuration Registers". Pazida zina, ma Configuration bits amasungidwa patsamba lomaliza la pulogalamu ya Flash user memory space mugawo lotchedwa, "Flash Configuration Bytes". Ndi zida izi, kuchita ntchito yofufuta patsamba patsamba lomaliza la kukumbukira pulogalamu kumachotsa ma byte a Flash Configuration, omwe amathandizira chitetezo cha code. Chifukwa chake, ogwiritsa ntchito sayenera kuchita ntchito zofufutira patsamba lomaliza la kukumbukira pulogalamu. Onani Mapu a Memory Memory mu mutu wa "Memory Organisation" papepala lachidziwitso chazida kuti mudziwe komwe ma Configuration bits ali.

Pamene ma bits Configuration asungidwa mu malo kukumbukira kasinthidwe, RTSP angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulembera chipangizo Configuration kaundula, ndipo RTSP amalola kasinthidwe kaundula aliyense kulembedwanso payekha popanda kaye kuchita kufufuta. Chenjezo liyenera kuchitidwa polemba zolembera Zosintha popeza amawongolera magawo ofunikira a chipangizocho, monga gwero la wotchi ya system, PLL ndi WDT imathandizira.

Mchitidwe wokonza kaundula wa kasinthidwe kachipangizo ndi wofanana ndi m'mene mungasankhire pulogalamu ya Flash program memory, kupatula kuti malangizo a TBLWTL okha ndi omwe amafunikira. Izi zili choncho chifukwa ma bits asanu ndi atatu apamwamba mu kaundula wa kasinthidwe ka chipangizo chilichonse sagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, bit 23 ya Table Write adilesi iyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti ipeze ma Registry a Configuration. Onani ku “Device Configuration” (DS70000618) mu “dsPIC33/PIC24 Family Reference Manual” ndi mutu wa “Special Features” pashiti lachidziwitso cha chipangizo kuti mumve zambiri za kaundula wa Chisinthiko cha chipangizocho.

Zindikirani

1. Kulembera kuzipangizo zosungirako kasinthidwe sapezeka pazida zonse. Onani mutu wa "Special Features" mu pepala lachidziwitso cha chipangizo kuti mudziwe mitundu yomwe ilipo molingana ndi tanthauzo la NVMOP[3:0] bits' la chipangizochi.
2. Pamene mukuchita RTSP pa zolembera za Kusintha kwa chipangizo, chipangizocho chiyenera kugwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito FRC Oscillator yamkati (popanda PLL). Ngati chipangizochi chikugwira ntchito kuchokera ku gwero la wotchi ina, kusintha kwa wotchi kupita ku FRC Oscillator yamkati (NOSC[2:0] = 000) kuyenera kuchitidwa musanagwire ntchito ya RTSP mu kaundula wa Kukonzekera kwa chipangizocho.
3. Ngati ma bits a Primary Oscillator Mode Select (POSCMD[1:0]) mu kaundula wa Oscillator Configuration (FOSC) akukonzedwanso kukhala mtengo watsopano, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ayenera kuwonetsetsa kuti Clock switching Mode bits (FCKSM[1:0]) mu kaundula wa FOSC ali ndi mtengo woyamba wa '0', asanagwire ntchito ya RTSP iyi.

CONFIGURATION REGISTER LEMBANI ALGORITHM
General ndondomeko ndi motere:

1. Lembani mtengo watsopano wa kasinthidwe ku Table Write latch pogwiritsa ntchito malangizo a TBLWTL.
2. Konzani NVMCON kuti mulembetse kaundula wa Configuration (NVMCON = 0x4000).
3. Lembani adiresi ya kaundula wa Configuration kuti mulembetse m'kaundula wa NVMADU ndi NVMADR.
4. Letsani kusokoneza, ngati kuyatsa.
5. Lembani mndandanda wachinsinsi ku registry ya NVMKEY.
6. Yambitsani zolembera pokhazikitsa WR bit (NVMCON[15]).
7. Yambitsaninso zosokoneza, ngati pakufunika.

Example 4-10 ikuwonetsa kutsatizana kwa ma code omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kusintha kaundula wa kasinthidwe kachipangizo.

REGISTER MAP

Chidule cha zolembetsa zolumikizidwa ndi Flash Programming zaperekedwa mu Table 5-1.

ZOKHUDZANA NDI MAFUNSO OTHANDIZA

Gawoli likulemba zolemba zomwe zikugwirizana ndi gawo ili la bukhuli. Zolemba izi mwina sizingalembedwe mwachindunji mabanja azinthu za dsPIC33/PIC24, koma malingaliro ake ndi ofunikira ndipo atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosintha komanso ndi malire. Zolemba zamakono zokhudzana ndi Flash Programming ndi:

Zindikirani: Chonde pitani ku Microchip webtsamba (www.microchip.com) pazowonjezera Zofunsira ndi ma code examples kwa mabanja a dsPIC33/PIC24 a zida.

KUKHALA KWAMBIRI

Revision A (August 2009)
Uwu ndiye mtundu woyamba wa chikalatachi.

Kukonzanso B (February 2011)
Kuunikaku kuli ndi zosintha izi:

• Exampzochepa:
  • Kuchotsedwa Eksample 5-3 ndi Eksampndi 5-4
  • Zasinthidwa Example 4-1, Eksample 4-5 ndi Eksampndi 4-10
  • Zolozera zilizonse za #WR zidasinthidwa kukhala #15 mu Eksample 4-1, Eksample 4-5 ndi Eksampndi 4-8
  • Anasintha zotsatirazi mu EksampGawo 4-3:
• Anasintha mutu wakuti "Word Programming" kukhala "Loading Write Latches for Row Programming"
• Kufotokozera kulikonse kwa #ram_image kudasinthidwa kukhala #0xFA
  • Anawonjezera Exampndi 4-4
  • Adasinthidwa mutu mu Eksampndi 4-8
• Ndemanga:
  • Onjezani zolemba ziwiri mu Gawo 4.2 "Flash Programming Operations"
  • Sinthani zolemba mu Gawo 4.5.2 "Loading Write Latches"
  • Onjezani zolemba zitatu mu Gawo 4.6 "Kulembera ku Registry Configuration Registry"
  • Zowonjezera Note 1 mu Table 5-1
• Olembetsa:
  • Kusintha mabiti a NVMOP[3:0]: NVM Operation Select bits mu regista ya Flash Memory Control (NVMCON) (onani Register 3-1)
• Magawo:
  • Zigawo zochotsedwa 5.2.1.4 "Lembani Mawu Mode" ndi 5.2.1.5 "Write Byte Mode"
  • Zasinthidwa Gawo 3.0 "Makaundula Owongolera"
  • Kusinthidwa zotsatirazi mu Gawo 4.5.5 "Wokonza Mawu":
• Anasintha mutu wagawo lakuti “Programming One Word of Flash Memory” kukhala “Word Programming”
• Adasinthidwa ndime yoyamba
• Anasintha mawu akuti “mawu amodzi” kukhala “mawu awiri” m’ndime yachiwiri
  • Anawonjezera Gawo 1 latsopano ku Gawo 4.6.1 "Registry Registry Write Algorithm"
• Matebulo:
  • Zasinthidwa Table 5-1
• Maumboni angapo okumbukira pulogalamu adasinthidwa kukhala kukumbukira kwa pulogalamu ya Flash
• Zosintha zina zing'onozing'ono monga zosintha za chilankhulo ndi masanjidwe zidaphatikizidwa muzolemba zonse

Revision C (June 2011)
Kuunikaku kuli ndi zosintha izi:

• Exampzochepa:
  • Zasinthidwa Exampndi 4-1
  • Zasinthidwa Exampndi 4-8
• Ndemanga:
  • Anawonjezera cholemba mu Gawo 4.1 "RTSP Operation"
  • Zowonjezera Note 3 mu Gawo 4.2 "Flash Programming Operations"
  • Wowonjezera Note 3 mu Gawo 4.2.1 "RTSP Programming Algorithm"
  • Onjezani cholemba mu Gawo 4.5.1 "Kufufuta Tsamba Limodzi la Kung'anima"
  • Yowonjezera Note 2 mu Gawo 4.5.2 "Loading Write Latches"
• Olembetsa:
  • Sinthani mafotokozedwe a bits 15-0 mu Nonvolatile Memory Address Register (onani Register 3-3)
• Magawo:
  • Kusintha Gawo 4.1 "Ntchito ya RTSP"
  • Zasinthidwa Gawo 4.5.5 "Wolemba Mapulogalamu"
• Zosintha zina zing'onozing'ono monga zosintha za chilankhulo ndi masanjidwe zidaphatikizidwa muzolemba zonse

Kusinthidwa D (December 2011)
Kuunikaku kuli ndi zosintha izi:

• Zasinthidwa Gawo 2.1.3 "Table Write Latches"
• Zasinthidwa Gawo 3.2 "NVMKEY Register"
• Sinthani zolemba mu NVMCON: Regista ya Flash Memory Control (onani Register 3-1)
• Zosintha zambiri zidapangidwa mu Gawo 4.0 "Run-Time Self-Programming (RTSP)"
• Zosintha zina zing'onozing'ono monga zosintha za chilankhulo ndi masanjidwe zidaphatikizidwa muzolemba zonse

Kukonzanso E (October 2018)
Kuunikaku kuli ndi zosintha izi:

• Anawonjezera Example 2-2, Eksample 4-2, Eksample 4-6 ndi Eksampndi 4-9
• Yowonjezera Gawo 4.5.4 "Kupanga Mzere Pogwiritsa Ntchito RAM Buffer"
• Kusinthidwa Gawo 1.0 "Introduction", Gawo 3.3 "NVM Address Registers", Gawo 4.0 "Run-Time Self-Programming (RTSP)" ndi Gawo 4.5.3 "Single Row Programming Example"
• Kusintha kwa Register 3-1
• Zasinthidwa Exampndi 4-7
• Zasinthidwa Table 5-1

Kukonzanso F (November 2021)
Wowonjezera Gawo 3.2.1 "Kulepheretsa Kusokoneza".
Zasinthidwa Example 3-1, Eksample 4-1, Eksample 4-2, Eksample 4-5, Eksample 4-6, Eksample 4-7, Eksample 4-8, Eksample 4-9 ndi Eksampndi 4-10.
Zasinthidwa Gawo 3.2 "NVMKEY Register", Gawo 4.5.1 "Kuchotsa Tsamba Limodzi la Kung'anima", Gawo 4.5.3 "Single Row Programming Example" ndi Gawo 4.6.1 "Registry Registry Lembani Algorithm".

Zindikirani tsatanetsatane wotsatira wa chitetezo cha code pazinthu za Microchip:

• Zogulitsa za Microchip zimakwaniritsa zomwe zili mu Microchip Data Sheet yawo.
• Microchip imakhulupirira kuti katundu wake ndi wotetezeka akagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira yomwe akufuna, malinga ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito, komanso m'mikhalidwe yabwinobwino.
• Ma Microchip amawakonda ndikuteteza mwamphamvu ufulu wake wazinthu zamaluso. Kuyesa kuphwanya malamulo otetezedwa ndi zinthu za Microchip ndikoletsedwa ndipo zitha kuphwanya Digital Millennium Copyright Act.
• Ngakhale Microchip kapena wopanga semiconductor wina aliyense sangatsimikizire chitetezo cha code yake. Kutetezedwa kwa ma code sikutanthauza kuti tikutsimikizira kuti chinthucho ndi "chosasweka". Chitetezo cha code chikusintha nthawi zonse. Microchip yadzipereka mosalekeza kuwongolera mawonekedwe achitetezo azinthu zathu

Bukuli ndi zambiri zomwe zili pano zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zinthu za Microchip zokha, kuphatikiza kupanga, kuyesa, ndi kuphatikiza zinthu za Microchip ndi pulogalamu yanu. Kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitsochi mwanjira ina iliyonse kumaphwanya mawuwa. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida zimaperekedwa kuti zitheke ndipo zitha kulowedwa m'malo ndi zosintha. Ndi udindo wanu kuwonetsetsa kuti pulogalamu yanu ikugwirizana ndi zomwe mukufuna. Lumikizanani ndi ofesi yogulitsa za Microchip kwanuko kuti muthandizidwe zina kapena, pezani thandizo lina pa https://www.microchip.com/en-us/support/design-help/client-supportservices.

ZIMENEZI AMAPEREKA NDI MICROCHIP "MONGA ILI". MICROCHIP SIKUYAMBIRA KAPENA ZINSINSI ZA Mtundu ULIWONSE KAYA KUTANTHAUZIRA KAPENA KUTANTHAWIRIKA, KULEMBEDWA KAPENA MWAMWAMBA, MALAMULO KAPENA ZINTHU ZINA, ZOKHUDZANA NDI CHIdziwitso kuphatikiza KOMA ZOSAKHALA NDI ZINTHU ZOTHANDIZA ZOTHANDIZA, ZOTHANDIZA, ZOTHANDIZA, ZOTHANDIZA CHOLINGA, KAPENA ZINTHU ZOKHUDZANA NDI MKHALIDWE WAKE, UKHALIDWE, KAPENA NTCHITO ZAKE. PAMENE MICROCHIP IDZAKHALA NDI NTCHITO PA CHIZINDIKIRO CHILICHONSE, CHAPADERA, CHILANGO, ZOCHITIKA, KAPENA ZOTSATIRA ZOTSATIRA, KUonongeka, mtengo, KAPENA NTCHITO ZONSE ZOMWE ZILI ZOKHUDZA CHIdziwitso KAPENA NTCHITO YAKE, KOMA CHIFUKWA CHIFUKWA CHOCHITIKA, ZOCHITIKA KAPENA ZOWONONGWA NDI ZOONERA. KUBWERA KWABWINO KWAMBIRI ZOLOLEZEDWA NDI MALAMULO, NDONDOMEKO YONSE YA MICROCHIP PA ZINSINSI ZONSE MU NJIRA ILIYONSE YOKHUDZANA NDI CHIdziwitso KAPENA KUKGWIRITSA NTCHITO CHOSAPYOTSA KUCHULUKA KWA ZOLIMBIKITSA, NGATI KULIPO, ZIMENE MULIPITSA CHIFUKWA CHIFUKWA CHIFUKWA CHIYANI.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo za Microchip pa chithandizo cha moyo ndi / kapena ntchito za chitetezo ndizoopsa kwa wogula, ndipo wogula akuvomera kuteteza, kubwezera ndi kusunga Microchip yopanda vuto lililonse ku zowonongeka, zodandaula, masuti, kapena ndalama zomwe zimachokera ku ntchito yotere. Palibe zilolezo zomwe zimaperekedwa, mobisa kapena mwanjira ina, pansi pa ufulu wazinthu zaukadaulo za Microchip pokhapokha zitanenedwa.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za Microchip's Quality Management Systems, chonde pitani www.microchip.com/quality.

Zizindikiro

Dzina la Microchip ndi logo, logo ya Microchip, Adaptec, AnyRate, AVR, logo ya AVR, AVR Freaks, BesTime, BitCloud, CryptoMemory, CryptoRF, dsPIC, flexPWR, HELDO, IGLOO, JukeBlox, KeeLoq, Kleer, LANCheck, LinkMD, ma LinkMD maXTouch, MediaLB, megaAVR, Microsemi, Microsemi logo, MOST, MOST logo, MPLAB, OptoLyzer, PIC, picoPower, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, PolarFire, Prochip Designer, QTouch, SAM-BA, SenGenuity, SpyNIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash , Symmetricom, SyncServer, Tachyon, TimeSource, tinyAVR, UNI/O, Vectron, ndi XMEGA ndi zizindikiro zolembetsedwa za Microchip Technology Incorporated ku USA ndi mayiko ena. AgileSwitch, APT, ClockWorks, The Embedded Control Solutions Company, EtherSynch, Flashtec, Hyper Speed ​​Control, HyperLight Load, IntelliMOS, Libero, motorBench, mTouch, Powermite 3, Precision Edge, ProASIC, ProASIC Plus, ProASIC Plus logo, Quiet-Waya, SmartFusion, SyncWorld, Temux, TimeCesium, TimeHub, TimePictra, TimeProvider, TrueTime, WinPath, ndi ZL ndi zizindikiro zolembetsedwa za Microchip Technology Incorporated ku USA.

Adjacent Key Suppression, AKS, Analog-for-the-Digital Age, AnyCapacitor, AnyIn, AnyOut, Augmented Switching, BlueSky, BodyCom, CodeGuard, CryptoAuthentication, CryptoAutomotive, CryptoCompanion, CryptoController, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, Matching, Dynamic DAM. , ECAN, Espresso T1S, EtherGREEN, GridTime, IdealBridge, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, INICnet, Intelligent Paralleling, Inter-Chip Connectivity, JitterBlocker, Knob-on-Display, maxCrypto, maxView, memBrain, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, MultiTRAK, NetDetach, NVM Express, NVMe, Omniscient Code Generation, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, PowerSmart, PureSipple, RMMGICE, REMGRT , REMGTAL Q, PureSilicon, REMGRL ICE, Serial Quad I/O, simpleMAP, SimpliPHY, SmartBuffer, SmartHLS, SMART-IS, storClad, SQI, SuperSwitcher, SuperSwitcher II, Switchtec, SynchroPHY, Total Endurance, TSHARC, USBCheck, VariSense, VectorBlox, VeriPHY, ViewSpan, WiperLock, XpressConnect, ndi ZENA ndi zizindikiro za Microchip Technology Incorporated ku USA ndi mayiko ena.

SQTP ndi chizindikiro cha ntchito cha Microchip Technology Incorporated ku USA
Chizindikiro cha Adaptec, Frequency on Demand, Silicon Storage Technology, Symmcom, ndi Trusted Time ndi zizindikilo zolembetsedwa za Microchip Technology Inc. m'maiko ena.
GestIC ndi chizindikiro cholembetsedwa cha Microchip Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, kampani ya Microchip Technology Inc., m'maiko ena.
Zizindikiro zina zonse zomwe zatchulidwa pano ndi zamakampani awo.
© 2009-2021, Microchip Technology Incorporated ndi mabungwe ake.
Maumwini onse ndi otetezedwa.
ISBN: 978-1-5224-9314-3

Zogulitsa Padziko Lonse ndi Ntchito

AMERICAS

• Ofesi Yakampani
  2355 West Chandler Blvd.
  Chandler, AZ 85224-6199
  Tel: 480-792-7200
  Fax: 480-792-7277
  Othandizira ukadaulo: http://www.microchip.com/
  thandizo Web Adilesi: www.microchip.com
• Atlanta
  Duluth, GA
  Tel: 678-957-9614
  Fax: 678-957-1455
• Austin, TX
  Tel: 512-257-3370
• Boston
  Westborough, MA
  Tel: 774-760-0087
  Fax: 774-760-0088
• Chicago
  Itasca, IL
  Tel: 630-285-0071
  Fax: 630-285-0075
• Dallas
  Addison, TX
  Tel: 972-818-7423
  Fax: 972-818-2924
• Detroit
  Novi, MI
  Tel: 248-848-4000
• Houston, TX
  Tel: 281-894-5983
• Indianapolis
  Noblesville, PA
  Tel: 317-773-8323
  Fax: 317-773-5453
  Tel: 317-536-2380
• Los Angeles
  Mission Viejo, CA
  Tel: 949-462-9523
  Fax: 949-462-9608
  Tel: 951-273-7800
• Raleigh, NC
  Tel: 919-844-7510
• New York, NY
  Tel: 631-435-6000
• San Jose, CA
  Tel: 408-735-9110
  Tel: 408-436-4270
• Canada - Toronto
  Tel: 905-695-1980
  Fax: 905-695-2078

ASIA/PACIFIC

• Australia - Sydney
  Tel: 61-2-9868-6733
• China - Beijing
  Tel: 86-10-8569-7000
• China - Chengdu
  Tel: 86-28-8665-5511
• China - Chongqing
  Tel: 86-23-8980-9588
• China - Dongguan
  Tel: 86-769-8702-9880
• China - Guangzhou
  Tel: 86-20-8755-8029
• China - Hangzhou
  Tel: 86-571-8792-8115
• China - Hong Kong SAR
  Tel: 852-2943-5100
• China - Nanjing
  Tel: 86-25-8473-2460
• China - Qingdao
  Tel: 86-532-8502-7355
• China - Shanghai
  Tel: 86-21-3326-8000
• China - Shenyang
  Tel: 86-24-2334-2829
• China - Shenzhen
  Tel: 86-755-8864-2200
• China - Suzhou
  Tel: 86-186-6233-1526
• China - Wuhan
  Tel: 86-27-5980-5300
• China - Xian
  Tel: 86-29-8833-7252
• China - Xiamen
  Tel: 86-592-2388138
• China - Zhuhai
  Tel: 86-756-3210040
• India - Bangalore
  Tel: 91-80-3090-4444
• India - New Delhi
  Tel: 91-11-4160-8631
• India - Pune
  Tel: 91-20-4121-0141
• Japan - Osaka
  Tel: 81-6-6152-7160
• Japan - Tokyo
  Tel: 81-3-6880-3770
• Korea - Daegu
  Tel: 82-53-744-4301
• Korea - Seoul
  Tel: 82-2-554-7200
• Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur
  Tel: 60-3-7651-7906
• Malaysia - Penang
  Tel: 60-4-227-8870
• Philippines - Manila
  Tel: 63-2-634-9065
• Singapore
  Tel: 65-6334-8870
• Taiwan - Hsin Chu
  Tel: 886-3-577-8366
• Taiwan - Kaohsiung
  Tel: 886-7-213-7830
• Taiwan - Taipei
  Tel: 886-2-2508-8600
• Thailand - Bangkok
  Tel: 66-2-694-1351
• Vietnam - Ho Chi Minh
  Tel: 84-28-5448-2100

ULAYA

• Austria - Wels
  Tel: 43-7242-2244-39
  Fax: 43-7242-2244-393
• Denmark - Copenhagen
  Tel: 45-4485-5910
  Fax: 45-4485-2829
• Finland - Espoo
  Tel: 358-9-4520-820
• France - Paris
  Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20
  Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79
• Germany - Kujambula
  Tel: 49-8931-9700
• Germany - Haan
  Tel: 49-2129-3766400
• Germany - Heilbronn
  Tel: 49-7131-72400
• Germany - Karlsruhe
  Tel: 49-721-625370
• Germany - Munich
  Tel: 49-89-627-144-0
  Fax: 49-89-627-144-44
• Germany - Rosenheim
  Tel: 49-8031-354-560
• Italy - Milan
  Tel: 39-0331-742611
  Fax: 39-0331-466781
• Italy - Padova
  Tel: 39-049-7625286
• Netherlands - Drunen
  Tel: 31-416-690399
  Fax: 31-416-690340
• Norway - Trondheim
  Tel: 47-7288-4388
• Poland - Warsaw
  Tel: 48-22-3325737
• Romania-Bucharest
  Tel: 40-21-407-87-50
• Spain - Madrid
  Tel: 34-91-708-08-90
  Fax: 34-91-708-08-91
• Sweden - Gothenberg
  Tel: 46-31-704-60-40
• Sweden - Stockholm
  Tel: 46-8-5090-4654
• UK - Wokingham
  Tel: 44-118-921-5800
  Fax: 44-118-921-5820

Zindikirani:

Gawo ili lazachidziwitso labanja lakonzedwa kuti likhale lothandizira pazida za data. Kutengera kusiyanasiyana kwa zida, gawoli la bukuli silingagwire ntchito pazida zonse za dsPIC33/PIC24. Chonde onani mawu omwe ali koyambirira kwa mutu wa “Flash Program Memory” patsamba lachidziwitso chamakono kuti muwone ngati chikalatachi chikugwirizana ndi chipangizo chomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito.
Mapepala a data pazchipangizo ndi magawo ofotokozera mabanja amapezeka kuti atsitsidwe kuchokera ku Microchip Worldwide Webtsamba pa: http://www.microchip.com.

Zolemba / Zothandizira

	MICROCHIP PIC24 Flash Programming [pdf] Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito PIC24 Flash Programming, PIC24, Flash Programming, Programming
	MICROCHIP PIC24 Flash Programming [pdf] Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito PIC24 Flash Programming, PIC24, Flash Programming

Maumboni

• Buku Logwiritsa Ntchito